第109頁
40. 在撰寫本書時，阿富汗仍不肯正式承認與巴基斯坦的邊界；印度和巴基斯坦對克什米爾地區有爭議；印度和中國就阿克賽欽和藏南地區爭執不下，1962年還因領土爭端打了一仗；印度和孟加拉國表示願意談判解決兩國在彼此領土上幾十個飛地的問題，但沒有達成協議，還因在這些領土上巡邏的問題發生過衝突。
41. See Pew Research Center Forum on Religion and Public Life,The Global Religious Landscape: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World’s Major Religious Groups as of 2010(Washington, D.C.: Pew Research Center, 2012), 22.
42. “European Russia,” or Russia west of the Ural Mountains, constitutes roughly the westernmost quarter of Russia’s landmass.
第六章 通往亞洲秩序之路：對抗還是夥伴關係？
1. See Mark Mancall, “The Ch’ing Tribute System: An Interpretive Essay,” inThe Chinese World Order, ed. John K. Fairbank (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1968), 63.
2. See Mark Mancall,China at the Center: 300 Years of Foreign Policy(New York: Free Press, 1984), 16–20; Jonathan Spence, The Search for Modern China,2nd ed. (New York: W. W. Norton, 1999), 197 202.
3. Ying-shih Yü,Trade and Expansion in Han China: A Study in the Structure of Sino-Barbarian Economic Relations (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1967), 37.
4. Qianlong’s First Edict to King George III (September 1793), inThe Search for Modern China: A Documentary Collection, ed. Pei-kai Cheng, Mi插el Lestz, and Jonathan Spence (New York: W. W. Norton, 1999), 105.
5. 攝政王代喬治三世國王攝政，因為喬治三世得了精神病。
6. “The Emperor of China,”Chinese Recorder 29, no. 10 (1898): 471–73.
7.Papers Relating to Foreign Affairs Accompanying the Annual Message of the President to the First Session of the Thirty-eighth Congress (Washington, D. C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1864), Document No. 33 (“Mr. Burlingame to Mr. Seward, Peking, January 29, 1863”), 2:846–48.
8. James Legge,The Chinese Classics; with a Translation, Critical and Exegetical Notes, Prolegomena, and Copious Indexes, vol. 5, pt. 1 (Hong Kong: Lane, Crawford, 1872), 52–53.
9. See Rana Mitter,Forgotten Ally: China’s World War II, 1937–1945 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2013).
10. “Sixty Points on Working Methods——a Draft Resolution from the Office of the Centre of the CPC: 19.2.1958,” in Mao Papers: Anthology and Bibliography, ed. Jerome Ch’en (London: Oxford University Press, 1970), 63–66.
11. “National Intelligence Estimate13-7-70: Communist China’s International Posture” (November 12,1970), inTracking the Dragon: National Intel ligence Estimates on China During the Era of Mao, 1948–1976, ed. John Allen, John Carver, and Tom Elmore (Pittsburgh: Government Printing Office, 2004), 593–94.
12. See Graham Allison, “Obama and Xi Must Think Broadly to Avoid a Classic Trap,”New York Times, June 6, 2013; Ri插rd Rosecrance,The Resurgence of the West:How a Transatlantic Union Can Prevent War and Restore the United States and Europe(New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2013).
13. In a speech of February 13, 2009, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton announced the Obama administration’s “Pivot to East Asia” regional strategy, the extent of which has yet to be fully elaborated.
14. As quoted in Zhu Majie, “Deng Xiaoping’s Human Rights Theory,” inCultural Impact on International Relations, ed. Yu Xintian, Chinese Philosophical Studies (Washington, D.C.: Council for Research in Values and Philosophy, 2002), 81.
15. 由於德國實現了統一，第一次世界大戰前歐洲的均勢只剩了5個參與方。見第二章。
第七章 “代表全人類行事”：美國及其秩序觀
1. “Speech on Conciliation with America” (1775), in Edmund Burke,On Empire, Liberty, and Reform: Speeches
and Letters, ed. David Bromwich (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2000), 81–83. 伯克同情美國獨立戰爭，因為他認為這是英國式自由的自然演進。他反對法國大革命，他認為這場革命破壞了幾代人努力的成果，也破壞了自然發展的前景。
2. Alexis de Tocqueville, “Concerning Their Point of Departure,” inDemocracy in America, trans. George Lawrence (New York: Harper & Row, 1969), 46–47.
3. Paul Leicester Ford, ed.,The Writings of Thomas Jefferson(New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1892–99), 8:158–59, quoted in Robert W. Tucker and David C. Hendrickson,Empire of Liberty: The Statecraft of Thomas Jefferson (New York: Oxford University Press, 1990), 11.
4. Jefferson to Monroe, October 24, 1823, as excerpted in “Continental Policy of the United States: The Acquisition of Cuba,”United States Magazine and Democratic Review,April 1859, 23.
5. Jefferson to Madison, April 27, 1809, in ibid.
6. 對來自英格蘭和北歐的移居者來說，在很大程度上是這種情況；而來自西班牙的人則把它主要看作有待開發的領土，居住在那裡的土著人將轉而皈依基督教。
7. John Winthrop, “A Model of Christian 插rity” (1630). See Brendan Simms, Europe, 36.
8. Publius [Alexander Hamilton], The Federalist 1, in Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay, The Federalist Papers (New York: Mentor, 1961), 1–2. 這裡的“帝國”是指擁有完全主權的獨立實體。
41. See Pew Research Center Forum on Religion and Public Life,The Global Religious Landscape: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World’s Major Religious Groups as of 2010(Washington, D.C.: Pew Research Center, 2012), 22.
42. “European Russia,” or Russia west of the Ural Mountains, constitutes roughly the westernmost quarter of Russia’s landmass.
第六章 通往亞洲秩序之路：對抗還是夥伴關係？
1. See Mark Mancall, “The Ch’ing Tribute System: An Interpretive Essay,” inThe Chinese World Order, ed. John K. Fairbank (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1968), 63.
2. See Mark Mancall,China at the Center: 300 Years of Foreign Policy(New York: Free Press, 1984), 16–20; Jonathan Spence, The Search for Modern China,2nd ed. (New York: W. W. Norton, 1999), 197 202.
3. Ying-shih Yü,Trade and Expansion in Han China: A Study in the Structure of Sino-Barbarian Economic Relations (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1967), 37.
4. Qianlong’s First Edict to King George III (September 1793), inThe Search for Modern China: A Documentary Collection, ed. Pei-kai Cheng, Mi插el Lestz, and Jonathan Spence (New York: W. W. Norton, 1999), 105.
5. 攝政王代喬治三世國王攝政，因為喬治三世得了精神病。
6. “The Emperor of China,”Chinese Recorder 29, no. 10 (1898): 471–73.
7.Papers Relating to Foreign Affairs Accompanying the Annual Message of the President to the First Session of the Thirty-eighth Congress (Washington, D. C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1864), Document No. 33 (“Mr. Burlingame to Mr. Seward, Peking, January 29, 1863”), 2:846–48.
8. James Legge,The Chinese Classics; with a Translation, Critical and Exegetical Notes, Prolegomena, and Copious Indexes, vol. 5, pt. 1 (Hong Kong: Lane, Crawford, 1872), 52–53.
9. See Rana Mitter,Forgotten Ally: China’s World War II, 1937–1945 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2013).
10. “Sixty Points on Working Methods——a Draft Resolution from the Office of the Centre of the CPC: 19.2.1958,” in Mao Papers: Anthology and Bibliography, ed. Jerome Ch’en (London: Oxford University Press, 1970), 63–66.
11. “National Intelligence Estimate13-7-70: Communist China’s International Posture” (November 12,1970), inTracking the Dragon: National Intel ligence Estimates on China During the Era of Mao, 1948–1976, ed. John Allen, John Carver, and Tom Elmore (Pittsburgh: Government Printing Office, 2004), 593–94.
12. See Graham Allison, “Obama and Xi Must Think Broadly to Avoid a Classic Trap,”New York Times, June 6, 2013; Ri插rd Rosecrance,The Resurgence of the West:How a Transatlantic Union Can Prevent War and Restore the United States and Europe(New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2013).
13. In a speech of February 13, 2009, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton announced the Obama administration’s “Pivot to East Asia” regional strategy, the extent of which has yet to be fully elaborated.
14. As quoted in Zhu Majie, “Deng Xiaoping’s Human Rights Theory,” inCultural Impact on International Relations, ed. Yu Xintian, Chinese Philosophical Studies (Washington, D.C.: Council for Research in Values and Philosophy, 2002), 81.
15. 由於德國實現了統一，第一次世界大戰前歐洲的均勢只剩了5個參與方。見第二章。
第七章 “代表全人類行事”：美國及其秩序觀
1. “Speech on Conciliation with America” (1775), in Edmund Burke,On Empire, Liberty, and Reform: Speeches
and Letters, ed. David Bromwich (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2000), 81–83. 伯克同情美國獨立戰爭，因為他認為這是英國式自由的自然演進。他反對法國大革命，他認為這場革命破壞了幾代人努力的成果，也破壞了自然發展的前景。
2. Alexis de Tocqueville, “Concerning Their Point of Departure,” inDemocracy in America, trans. George Lawrence (New York: Harper & Row, 1969), 46–47.
3. Paul Leicester Ford, ed.,The Writings of Thomas Jefferson(New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1892–99), 8:158–59, quoted in Robert W. Tucker and David C. Hendrickson,Empire of Liberty: The Statecraft of Thomas Jefferson (New York: Oxford University Press, 1990), 11.
4. Jefferson to Monroe, October 24, 1823, as excerpted in “Continental Policy of the United States: The Acquisition of Cuba,”United States Magazine and Democratic Review,April 1859, 23.
5. Jefferson to Madison, April 27, 1809, in ibid.
6. 對來自英格蘭和北歐的移居者來說，在很大程度上是這種情況；而來自西班牙的人則把它主要看作有待開發的領土，居住在那裡的土著人將轉而皈依基督教。
7. John Winthrop, “A Model of Christian 插rity” (1630). See Brendan Simms, Europe, 36.
8. Publius [Alexander Hamilton], The Federalist 1, in Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay, The Federalist Papers (New York: Mentor, 1961), 1–2. 這裡的“帝國”是指擁有完全主權的獨立實體。